Sardar Vallabhai Patel

Tributes pour in for Sardar Vallabhai Patel on his 71st death anniversary. सरदार वल्लभ भाई पटेल की 71वीं पुण्यतिथि पर उन्हें श्रद्धांजलि।
Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel
(31 October 1875 – 15 December 1950)
1st Deputy Prime Minister of India
1st Minister of Home Affairs
He served as the first deputy Prime Minister of India from 1947 to 1950. He is also called the "Iron Man of India" "Unifier of India" & "Bismarck of India". The Statue of Unity, the world's tallest statue, was dedicated to him on 31 October 2018 and is approximately 182 metres (597 ft) in height.
:- Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (National Unity Day) was introduced by the Government of India and inaugurated by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014. The intent is to pay tribute to Patel, who was instrumental in keeping India united. It is to be celebrated on 31 October every year as annual commemoration of the birthday of the Iron Man of India Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, one of the founding leaders of Republic of India. राष्ट्रीय एकता दिवस (राष्ट्रीय एकता दिवस) भारत सरकार द्वारा शुरू किया गया था और 2014 में भारतीय प्रधान मंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी द्वारा उद्घाटन किया गया था। इरादा पटेल को श्रद्धांजलि देना है, जिन्होंने भारत को एकजुट रखने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई थी। यह भारत गणराज्य के संस्थापक नेताओं में से एक, भारत के लौह पुरुष सरदार वल्लभभाई पटेल के जन्मदिन के वार्षिक स्मरणोत्सव के रूप में हर साल 31 अक्टूबर को मनाया जाना है।

Central Teacher Eligibility Test (CTET) Questions & Answers

(Mock TEST 01)

1. Lawrence Kohlberg was an American psychologist best known for his theory of _______. लॉरेंस कोहलबर्ग एक अमेरिकी मनोवैज्ञानिक थे जिन्हें किसके सिद्धांत के लिए जाना जाता था?

(A) Theory of Education

(B) stages of Psychodynamic

(C) cognitive development 

(D) stages of moral development

(D) stages of moral development (नैतिक विकास के चरण) || Lawrence Kohlberg (October 25, 1927 – January 19, 1987) was an American psychologist best known for his theory of stages of moral development.

2. Whose theory was focused on the physical and mental development of children? बच्चों के शारीरिक और मानसिक विकास पर किसका सिद्धांत केंद्रित था?

(A) Bowlby's Attachment Theory

(B) Freud id, ego and super ego Theory

(C) Gesell's Maturation Theory

(D) Erikson Cognitive Theory

(C) Gesell's Maturation Theory

3. The Maturational Theory of child development was introduced by Dr. Arnold Gesell in _______.

(A) 1825

(B) 1830

(C) 1925

(D) 1930

(C) 1925

4. Whose theory states that children, quite simply, think differently than adults? किसके सिद्धांत में कहा गया है कि बच्चे, काफी सरल, वयस्कों की तुलना में अलग तरह से सोचते हैं?

(A) Erikson’s Psychosocial Developmental Theory

(B) Freud’s Psychosexual Developmental Theory

(C) Bandura’s Social Learning Theory

(D) Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory

(D) Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory || Essentially, this theory divided the child life into four separate categories, or stages. the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational period.

5. Who was the famous coiner of the popular phrase “identity crisis”?

(A) Lawrence Kohlberg

(B) Erik Erikson

(C) Jean Piaget

(D) Sigmund Freud

(B) Erik Erikson

6. Who proposed the eight stages of psychosocial development? मनोसामाजिक विकास के आठ चरणों का प्रस्ताव किसने रखा?

(A) Noam Chomsky

(B) Sigmund Freud

(C) Lev Vygotsky

(D) Erik Erikson

(D) Erik Erikson

7. Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development constitute an adaptation of a psychological theory originally conceived by the _______. लॉरेंस कोहलबर्ग के नैतिक विकास के चरणों का मूल रूप से एक मनोवैज्ञानिक सिद्धांत का अनुकूलन है, जिसकी कल्पना मूल रूप से _______ ने की थी।

(A) Noam Chomsky

(B) Erik Erikson

(C) Sigmund Freud

(D) Jean Piaget

(D) Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget

8. Who gave the Psychodynamic Theoretical approach? मनोवेगीय सैद्धांतिक दृष्टिकोण किसने दिया?

(A) George Herbert Mead

(B) Sigmund Freud

(C) Jean Piaget

(D) Lev Vygotsky

(B) Sigmund Freud || In Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality, the unconscious mind is defined as a reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges (तीव्र इच्छा), and memories that outside of conscious awareness. Behavior is controlled by unconscious urges. Three components of the mind are id, ego and super ego.

9. What is the full form of "BALA"? 

(A) Brain Aided Learning Assignment

(B) Braille as Learning Aid

(C) Building as Learning Aid

(D) Braille Aided Learning Assessment

(C) Building as Learning Aid || Building as Learning Aid (BaLA) is an innovation that can help India's schools become more child friendly.

10. Dysgraphia is a learning disability that affects _______ abilities. डिसग्राफिया एक सीखने की विकलांगता है जो _______ क्षमताओं को प्रभावित करती है।

(A) Listening (सुनने)

(B) Speaking (बोलने)

(C) Reading (पढ़ने)

(D) Writing (लिखने)

(D) Writing (लिखने)

11. Who gave the concept of intelligence quotient for the first time in 1912?

(A) Galton

(B) Binet

(C) Stern

(D) Terman

(C) German psychologist William Stern

12. The vaccine for smallpox was discovered by _______. चेचक के टीके की खोज _______ द्वारा की गई थी।

(A) Ronald Ross

(B) Robert Koch

(C) Edward Jenner

(D) Alexander Fleming

(C) Edward Jenner || The smallpox vaccine, introduced by Edward Jenner in 1796, was the first successful vaccine to be developed.

13. Red Data Book contains a record of _______. रेड डाटा बुक में _______ का रिकॉर्ड होता है।

(A) endangered species (लुप्तप्राय प्रजातियों)

(B) extinct species (विलुप्त प्रजाति)

(C) flora (वनस्पतियाँ)

(D) fauna (पशुवर्ग)

(A) endangered species (लुप्तप्राय प्रजातियों) || Red Data Book is the book which keeps a record of all endangered animals, plants and species. It contains a list of species which are in danger of becoming extinct. इसमें उन प्रजातियों की सूची है जो विलुप्त होने के खतरे में हैं।

14. Who coined the phrase "Unity in Diversity" to describe India? भारत का वर्णन करने के लिए "अनेकता में एकता" वाक्यांश किसने गढ़ा?

(A) Jawaharlal Nehru

(B) B.R. Ambedkar

(C) M.K. Gandhi

(D) Rajendra Prasad 

(A) Jawaharlal Nehru || Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India and leader of the Indian National Congress. He wrote at length on this topic, exploring it in detail in his work The Discovery of India.

15. _______ is also called reading disability.

(A) Dyscalculia

(B) Dyspraxia

(C) Dysgraphia

(D) Dyslexia

(D) Dyslexia || Dyslexia is a learning disorder (सीखने का विकार) that involves difficulty reading due to problems identifying speech sounds and learning how they relate to letters and words (decoding).

(2011 Census of India)

Census :- an official count of the people who live in a country, including information about their ages, jobs, etc.

:- A Census studies every member of a population. A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a population.

(Conducted in every 10 years)

:- Census has been conducted in India since 1872 and 2011 marks the first time biometric information was collected. It was 15th Indian Census. The motto of census 2011 was "Our Census, Our future."

Examples of these biometric identifiers are fingerprints, facial patterns, voice.

:- The Census Covered
640 Districts
5924 (Sub-Districts)
7935 (Towns) 
& More than Six (6) lakh Villages (classifying the population according to gender, religion, education and occupation)

:- A total of 27 lakh officials visited in households. The cost of the exercise was approximately ₹2,200 crore (US$340 million)

:- Information on castes was included in the census following demands from several ruling coalition leaders including Lalu Prasad Yadav | Sharad Yadav & SP Suprimo Mulayam Singh supported by opposition parties Bharatiya Janata Party | Akali Dal | Shiv Sena & Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK). Information on caste was last collected during the British Raj in 1931.

:- C Chandramauli was the Register General and Census Commissioner of India for the 2011 Indian Census. In 2011, India and Bangladesh also conducted their first-ever joint census of areas along their border. 2011 में, भारत और बांग्लादेश ने अपनी सीमा के साथ क्षेत्रों की पहली संयुक्त जनगणना भी की।

:- Transgender population was counted in population census in India for first time in 2011. The official count of the third gender in India is 4.9 lakh. 

(Census Report) :- Total Population (1,210,854,977) 
:- Males (623,724,568)
:- Females (586,469,294) 

(Literacy Percentage)
:- Total (74.04%)
:- Males (82.10%)
:- Females (65.50%)

:- According to Census 2011, Density of Population :- 382 Per Kilometre Square | km2

:-  (Sex Ratio) Per 1000 males | 943 Females 

:- Child Sex Ratio (0-6 age group) | (Per 1000 males | 919 females)

:- Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state. Total population of Uttar Pradesh (UP) is (199,812,341). (16.5% of Total population)

:- Over half the population resided in the six most populous states of Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Of the 121 crore Indians, 83.3 crore (68.84%) live in rural areas while 37.7 crore stay in urban areas. 45.36 crore people in India are migrants, which is 37.8% of total population.

:- Highest Sex Ratio State (Kerala | Per 1000 males | 1084 females

:- Most Literate State in India as per census 2011

(Kerala State with 92.94% Literacy Rate)

:- Most Rural population in Uttar Pradesh (155,111,022) & Most Urban population in Maharashtra (50,827,531) 

:- Largest Area as per census 2011?

(Rajasthan with 342,239 Kilometer Square Area)  

:- Most Density of Population in Delhi (UT) with 11,297 per kilometre square.

:-  Decadal Growth Percent (2001-2011) 

Most Decadal Growth in Union Territory Dadra and Nagar Haveli with 55.5% & Overall Decadal Growth is 17.64% in India as per census 2011.

:- Lowest Population in Lakshadweep (64,473) | Which is 0.01 percent of the total population

Lowest males in Lakshadweep (33,123)

Lowest females in Lakshadweep (31,350)

:- Lowest Sex Ratio as per census 2011 in Daman and Diu (UT) | Per 1000 males | 618 Females

:- Lowest Literacy Rate belongs to the Bihar State (63.82%)

:- Least Rural population in Lakshadweep (14,121) & Minimum Urban population in (UT) Lakshadweep with 50,308 urban population.

:- Least Area also belongs to the Lakshadweep 32 kilometer square.

:- Lowest Density of population in Arunachal Pradesh State with 17 per kilometer square.

:- Lowest decadal growth in Nagaland State with -0.5% as per census 2011.

(Religious Demographics) (धार्मिक जनसांख्यिकी)

:- The religious data on India Census 2011 was released by the Government of India on 25 August 2015. Hindus are 79.8% (966.3 million), while Muslims are 14.23% (172.2 million) in India. and Christians are 2.30% (28.7 million). 

:- According to the 2011 Census of India, there are 57,264 Parsis in India. For the first time, a "No religion" category was added in the 2011 census. 2.87 million were classified as people belonging to "No Religion" in India in the 2011 census. 

:- There are six religions in India that have been awarded "National Minority" "राष्ट्रीय अल्पसंख्यक" status - Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists and Parsis. Sunnis, Shias, Bohras, Agakhanis and Ahmadiyyas were identified as sects (मज़हब) of Islam in India. 

:- As per 2011 census, six major faiths - Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains make up over 99.4% of India’s 121 crore population, while “other religions, persuasions” (ORP) count is 8.2 million. 

:- Maharashtra is having the highest number of atheists (नास्तिक) in the country with 9,652 such people, followed by Meghalaya (9,089) and Kerala.

:-  Any one above age 7 who can read and write in any language with an ability to understand was considered a literate. In censuses before 1991, children below the age 5 were treated as illiterates.  

(Expected GK Questions From Census 2011) (Top One Liner Questions)

1. Census 2011 is the which census of India.

15th & After Independence 7th 

2. Slogan of census 2011.

"Our census, Our Future" 

3. Total population of India According to 2011 census? 

121 Crore

4. According to census 2011, India has the what Percentage of world's population?

17.5%

5. What is the population growth rate of India in census 2011?

17.64%

6. What is the total Literacy Rate of India?

74.04%

7. Male Literacy Rate of India as per census 2011?

82.14%

8. Female Literacy Rate of India as per census 2011?

65.46%

9. Most literate state in India?

Kerala (93.91%)

10. Least Literate state in India?

Bihar (63.82%)

11. Most Literate Union Territory in India?

Lakshadweep (92.28%)

12. Least Literate Union Territory in India?

Dadra and Nagar Haveli (77.65%)

13. Most Populated State in India.

(Uttar Pradesh)

14. Least populated state in India.

(Sikkim)

15. State with Highest Sex Ratio?

Kerala (Per 1000 males | 1084 females)

16. State with Lowest Sex Ratio?

Haryana (Per 1000 males | 879 females) 

17. UT which has Highest sex Ratio?  

Puducherry 

18. UT which has Lowest sex Ratio?

Daman and Diu

19. Census commissioner of India in 2011.

C. Chandermouli 

20. Which union territory has highest Child Sex Ratio (0-6 age group)?

 Puducherry (UT)

21. Which union territory has lowest child sex ratio (0-6 age group)?

Daman & Diu

22. Which state has highest child sex ratio (0-6 age group)? 

Kerala 

23. Which state has lowest child sex ratio (0-6 age group)? 

Haryana 

24. What is the sex ratio of India as per census 2011? 

Per 1000 males | 943 females 

25. What is the Child Sex Ratio (0-6 age group) of India as per census 2011? 

Per 1000 males | 919 females

26. According to census 2011 what is the population density of India? 2011 की जनगणना के अनुसार भारत का जनसंख्या घनत्व कितना है?

382

27. What is the total number districts in India as per census 2011? 2011 की जनगणना के अनुसार भारत में कुल कितने जिले हैं?

640

28. What is the population growth rate of India in Census 2011? 2011 की जनगणना में भारत की जनसंख्या वृद्धि दर क्या है?

17.64%

29. According to Census 2011 which Indian state has highest fertility rate? 2011 की जनगणना के अनुसार किस भारतीय राज्य में प्रजनन दर सबसे अधिक है?

Meghalaya

30. State with Highest population density? सर्वाधिक जनसंख्या घनत्व वाला राज्य?

Bihar (1102)

31. State with Lowest population density? सबसे कम जनसंख्या घनत्व वाला राज्य? 

Arunachal Pradesh (17)

32. State which has Highest rural population? राज्य जिसकी ग्रामीण आबादी सबसे अधिक है?  

Uttar Pradesh

33. According to Census 2011 which is the most populated district? 2011 की जनगणना के अनुसार सबसे अधिक आबादी वाला जिला कौन-सा है?

Thane

(Hindi Literature NTA UGC NET & All Exams MCQs)

(Mock TEST 1)

1. मैथिलीशरण गुप्त जिस काव्य के कारण जनता के प्राणों में रच-बस गए और "राष्ट्रकवि" कहलाए, वह कृति कौन सी है?

(A) भारत-भारती (1912)

(B) गुरुकुल (1929)

(C) जय भारत (1952)

(D) जयद्रथ वध (1910)

(A) भारत-भारती (1912)

मैथिलीशरण गुप्त 

जन्म :- 3 अगस्त 1886

चिरगाँव, उत्तर प्रदेश, ब्रिटिश भारत

मृत्यु :- दिसम्बर 12, 1964 (78 वर्ष की आयु में)

महाकाव्य :- साकेत 1931, यशोधरा 1932

खण्डकाव्य :- जयद्रथ वध 1910, भारत-भारती 1912, पंचवटी 1925, द्वापर 1936, सिद्धराज, नहुष, अंजलि और अर्घ्य, अजित, अर्जन और विसर्जन, काबा और कर्बला, किसान 1917, कुणाल गीत, गुरु तेग बहादुर, गुरुकुल 1929, जय भारत 1952, युद्ध, झंकार 1929 , पृथ्वीपुत्र, वक संहार, शकुंतला, विश्व वेदना, राजा प्रजा, विष्णुप्रिया, उर्मिला, लीला, प्रदक्षिणा, दिवोदास, भूमि-भाग। 

नाटक :- रंग में भंग 1909, राजा-प्रजा, वन वैभव, विकट भट , विरहिणी , वैतालिक, शक्ति, सैरन्ध्री, स्वदेश संगीत, हिड़िम्बा , हिन्दू, चंद्रहास। 

2. प्रेमचंद के उपन्यास का कालक्रम निर्धारित करें। 

(1) सेवासदन

(2) रंगभूमि

(3) गबन

(4) कर्मभूमि

(5) गोदान

Code :-

(A) 1-2-3-4-5

(B) 1-2-4-3-5

(C) 1-3-2-4-5

(D) 1-4-3-2-5

(A) 1-2-3-4-5

(1) सेवासदन (1918)

(2) रंगभूमि (1925)

(3) गबन (1928)

(4) कर्मभूमि (1932)

(5) गोदान (1936)

प्रेमचंद का जन्म 31 जुलाई 1880 को वाराणसी जिले (उत्तर प्रदेश) के लमही गाँव में हुआ था। लम्बी बीमारी के बाद 8 अक्टूबर 1936 को उनका निधन हो गया।

3. प्रेमचंद जी का कौन-सा उपन्यास स्त्री समस्या पर केन्द्रित उपन्यास है जिसमें दहेज-प्रथा, अनमेल विवाह, वेश्यावृत्ति, स्त्री-पराधीनता आदि समस्याओं के कारण और प्रभाव शामिल हैं?

(A) प्रेमाश्रम 

(B) निर्मला 

(C) कर्मभूमि

(D) सेवासदन

(D) सेवासदन (1918)

4. प्रेमचंद जी का कौन-सा उपन्यास अछूत समस्या, उनका मन्दिर में प्रवेश तथा लगान इत्यादि की समस्या को उजागर करने वाला उपन्यास है?

(A) मंगलसूत्र

(B) कायाकल्प 

(C) प्रतिज्ञा 

(D) कर्मभूमि

(D) कर्मभूमि (1932)

5. प्रेमचंद जी किस उपन्‍यास में एक अंधे भिखारी सूरदास को कथा का नायक बनाकर हिंदी कथा साहित्‍य में क्रांतिकारी बदलाव का सूत्रपात करते हैं?

(A) प्रेमाश्रम

(B) रूठी रानी

(C) रंगभूमि

(D) मंगलसूत्र

(C) रंगभूमि (1925)

मंगलसूत्र (अपूर्ण) :- यह प्रेमचंद का अधूरा उपन्‍यास है जिसे उनके पुत्र अमृतराय ने पूरा किया। इसके प्रकाशन के संदर्भ में अमृतराय प्रेमचंद की जीवनी में लिखते हैं कि इसका-"प्रकाशन लेखक के देहान्त के अनेक वर्ष बाद 1948 में हुआ।"

प्रतिज्ञा (1927) :- यह विधवा जीवन तथा उसकी समस्याओं को रेखांकित करने वाला उपन्यास है।

निर्मला (1925) : - यह अनमेल विवाह की समस्याओं को रेखांकित करने वाला उपन्यास है।

6. प्रेमचंद जी का कौन-सा उपन्यास किसान जीवन पर उनका पहला उपन्‍यास है?

(A) प्रेमाश्रम 

(B) रंगभूमि

(C) गोदान

(D) अहंकार

(A) प्रेमाश्रम (1922)

7. निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी कहानियाँ प्रेमचंद जी की है?

(1) अनाथ लड़की

(2) एक आँच की कसर

(3) बिखरे मोती

(4) ठाकुर का कुआँ

(5) माता का ह्रदय

(6) उन्मादिनी

(7) प्रायश्चित

Code :-

(A) 1-2-3-4-5-6-7

(B) 1-2-3-4-5-6

(C) 1-2-4-5-7

(D) 1-2-3-6-7

(C) 1-2-4-5-7

(सुभद्रा कुमारी चौहान)

(3) बिखरे मोती (1932) || "बिखरे मोती" उनका पहला कहानी संग्रह है।

(6) उन्मादिनी (1934) (कहानी)

8. रामधारी सिंह "दिनकर'" के कविता संग्रहों का प्रकाशन वर्ष के अनुसार सही क्रम बताएं। 

(1) रेणुका 

(2) रसवन्ती

(3) कुरूक्षेत्र 

(4) सूरज का ब्याह 

(5) धूप और धुआँ

Code :-

(A) 1-2-3-4-5

(B) 1-2-4-5-3

(C) 1-2-3-5-4

(D) 1-4-3-5-2

(C) 1-2-3-5-4

(1) रेणुका (1935)

(2) रसवन्ती (1939)

(3) कुरूक्षेत्र (1946)

(5) धूप और धुआँ (1951)

(4) सूरज का ब्याह (1955)

रामधारी सिंह "दिनकर"

जन्म :- 23 सितम्बर 1908

सिमरिया घाट बेगूसराय जिला, बिहार, भारत

मृत्यु :- 24 अप्रैल 1974 (उम्र 65)

मद्रास, तमिलनाडु, भारत

(उल्लेखनीय सम्मान)

1959 :- साहित्य अकादमी पुरस्कार

1959 :- पद्म भूषण

1972 :- ज्ञानपीठ पुरस्कार

9. इनमें से कौन सी कहानी/कहानियाँ मन्नू भंडारी द्वारा रचित है?

(1) एक प्लेट सैलाब

(2) मैं हार गई

(3) तीन निगाहों की एक तस्वीर

(4) यही सच है

(5) आँखों देखा झूठ

(6) पक्षी और दीमक

Code :-

(A) 1-2-3-4-6

(B) 1-2-3-4

(C) 1-2-3-4-5-6

(D) 1-2-3-4-5

(D) 1-2-3-4-5

गजानन माधव मुक्तिबोध :- पक्षी और दीमक (कहानी)

(मन्नू भंडारी)

जन्म :- 3 अप्रैल 1931

भानपुरा, मध्य प्रदेश

मृत्यु :- 15 नवम्बर 2021 (उम्र 90)

कहानी-संग्रह :- एक प्लेट सैलाब, मैं हार गई, तीन निगाहों की एक तस्वीर, यही सच है, त्रिशंकु, श्रेष्ठ कहानियाँ, आँखों देखा झूठ, नायक खलनायक विदूषक।

उपन्यास :- आपका बंटी, महाभोज, स्वामी, एक इंच मुस्कान और कलवा, एक कहानी यह भी।

पटकथाएँ :- रजनी, निर्मला, स्वामी, दर्पण।

नाटक :- बिना दीवारों का घर।

10. इनमें से कौन-सा उपन्यास भीष्म साहनी द्वारा रचित नहीं है?

(A) झरोखे

(B) तमस

(C) रानी नागफनी की कहानी

(D) बसंती

(C) रानी नागफनी की कहानी (हरिशंकर परसाई)

(हरिशंकर परसाई)

(22 August 1924 – 10 August 1995)

उपन्यास :- रानी नागफनी की कहानी, तट की खोज, ज्वाला और जल।

(भीष्म साहनी)

जन्म :- 08 अगस्त 1915

रावलपिंडी, (तत्कालनी) भारत, वर्तमान पाकिस्तान

मृत्यु :- 11 जुलाई 2003 (उम्र 87)

दिल्ली, भारत

(प्रमुख रचनाएँ)

उपन्यास  :- झरोखे, तमस, बसंती, मय्यादास की माडी़, कुन्तो, नीलू निलिमा नीलोफर

कहानी संग्रह :- मेरी प्रिय कहानियां, भाग्यरेखा, वांगचू, निशाचर

नाटक :- हानूश (1977), माधवी (1984), कबिरा खड़ा बजार में (1985), मुआवज़े (1993)

आत्मकथा :- बलराज माय ब्रदर

बालकथा :- गुलेल का खेल

(Mock TEST #1) (Books & Authors) NTA UGC NET & All Exams

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1. Mark the Correct Code about Émile Durkheim Books.

(1) Suicide

(2) The Rules of Sociological Method

(3) The Elementary Forms of Religious Life

(4) Sociology of Religion

(5) The Division of Labour in Society

Code :-

(A) 1-2-3

(B) 1-2-3-4

(C) 1-2-3-5

(D) 1-2-3-4-5

(C) 1-2-3-5

:- Sociology of Religion is a 1920 book by Max Weber, a German economist and sociologist.

David Émile Durkheim (15 April 1858 – 15 November 1917) was a French sociologist.

(Known for)

:- Social fact (सामाजिक तथ्य)

:- Sacred–profane dichotomy (पवित्र-अपवित्र द्विभाजन)

:- Collective consciousness (सामूहिक चेतना)

:- Social integration (सामाजिक अखण्डता)

:- Anomie

:- Collective effervescence

(Famous Work & Books)

:- The Division of Labour in Society (1893)

:- The Rules of Sociological Method (1895)

:- On the Normality of Crime (1895)

:- Suicide (1897)

:- The Elementary Forms of Religious Life (1912)

(Published posthumously) (मरणोपरांत प्रकाशित)

:- Education and Sociology (1922)

:- Sociology and Philosophy (1924)

:- Moral Education (1925)

:- Socialism (1928)

:- Pragmatism and Sociology (1955)

2. Among the following which book is not written by Max Weber? निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी पुस्तक मैक्स वेबर द्वारा नहीं लिखी गई है?

(A) The City

(B) Economy and Society

(C) Sociology of religion

(D) The Holy Family

(D) The Holy Family

The Holy Family is a book written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in November 1844.

(Books of Max Weber)

(A) The City :- It was published posthumously in 1921.

(B) Economy and Society (अर्थव्यवस्था और समाज) (1922)

(C) Sociology of religion (1920)

Maximilian Karl Emil Weber (21 April 1864 – 14 June 1920) was a German sociologist, historian, jurist, and political economist. मैक्सिमिलियन कार्ल एमिल वेबर (21 अप्रैल 1864 - 14 जून 1920) एक जर्मन समाजशास्त्री, इतिहासकार, न्यायविद और राजनीतिक अर्थशास्त्री थे।

(Notable works)

:- The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (कट्टर नीति और पूंजीवाद की भावना) (Originally published :- 1905)

:- Economy and Society (अर्थव्यवस्था और समाज) (1922)

Sociology of religion (1920) :- Weber's work in the field of sociology of religion began with the essay The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism and continued with his analyses in The Religion of China, The Religion of India, and Ancient Judaism. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism is Weber's most famous work. The Religion of China : Confucianism and Taoism was Weber's second major work on the sociology of religion. The Religion of India : The Sociology of Hinduism and Buddhism was Weber's third major work on the sociology of religion. In Ancient Judaism, his fourth major work on the sociology of religion.

3. Arrange the books of Karl Marx chronologically :- कार्ल मार्क्स की पुस्तकों को कालक्रमानुसार व्यवस्थित करें:-

(A) The Poverty of Philosophy 

(B) Wage Labour and Capital 

(C) Das Kapital

(D) The Civil War in France

Code :-

(1) A,D,B,C

(2) A,C,B,D

(3) A,B,C,D

(4) A,B,D,C

(3) A,B,C,D

(A) The Poverty of Philosophy (1847)

(B) Wage Labour and Capital (1849)

(C) Das Kapital (1867)

(D) The Civil War in France (1871)

Karl Heinrich Marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German philosopher, critic of political economy, economist, historian, sociologist, political theorist, journalist and socialist revolutionary. कार्ल हेनरिक मार्क्स (5 मई 1818 - 14 मार्च 1883) एक जर्मन दार्शनिक, राजनीतिक अर्थव्यवस्था के आलोचक, अर्थशास्त्री, इतिहासकार, समाजशास्त्री, राजनीतिक सिद्धांतकार, पत्रकार और समाजवादी क्रांतिकारी थे।

(Notable ideas)

:- Marxist terminology

:- Surplus value

:- Contributions to dialectics and the labour theory of value (द्वंद्वात्मकता और मूल्य के श्रम सिद्धांत में योगदान)

:- Class conflict (वर्ग संघर्ष)

:- Alienation and exploitation of the worker (अलगाव और कार्यकर्ता का शोषण)

:- Materialist conception of history (इतिहास की भौतिकवादी अवधारणा)

4. Match the following.

(a) M. N. Srinivas (1) The Culture and Art of India

(b) G. S. Ghurye (2) Yuganta: The End of an Epoch

(c) Radhakamal Mukerjee (3) Social Change in Modern India

(d) Irawati Karve (4) Caste, class, and occupation

Code :- 

(A) a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2

(B) a-3, b-2, c-1, d-4

(C) a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3

(D) a-2, b-4, c-1, d-3

(A) a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2

Mysore Narasimhachar Srinivas (1916–1999) was an Indian sociologist and social anthropologist.

(Main interests)

:- Indian Society

:- Caste system in India

(Notable works)

:- The Remembered Village

:- Indian Society through Personal Writings

:- Village, Caste, Gender and Method : Essays in Indian Social Anthropology

(Notable ideas)

:- Sanskritization

:- Inter and intra-caste solidarity

(Books)

:- Marriage and Family in Mysore (1942)

:- Religion and Society Among the Coorgs (1952)

:- Caste in Modern India and other essays (1962)

:- The Remembered Village (1976, reissued by OUP (Oxford University Press) in 2013)

:- Indian Society through Personal Writings (1998)

:- Village, Caste, Gender and Method (1998)

:- Social Change in Modern India (1966)

:- The Dominant Caste and Other Essays (1986)

:- Dimensions of Social Change in India (1977)

Govind Sadashiv Ghurye 

(12 December 1893 – 28 December 1983)

Some Famous Books :-

(1) Caste, class, and occupation (1961)

(2) Caste and race in India (1932)

(3) The Scheduled Tribes (1963)

(4) Indian sadhus (1953)

(5) Whither India? (1962)

(6) Indian costume (1951)

(7) Two Brahamanical Institutions : Gotra And Charana (1972)

(8) Anatomy of a rururban community (1963)

(9) The Legacy of the Ramayana (1979)

(10) Occidental civilization (1948)

Radhakamal Mukerjee (1889–1968)

:- India, the Dawn of a New Era : An Autobiography

:- The Culture and Art of India (1959)

Irawati Karve (15 December 1905 – 11 August 1970) was a pioneering Indian anthropologist, sociologist, educationist and writer from Maharashtra, India. She was one of the students of G.S. Ghurye, founder of Indian Sociology & Sociology in India.

(Books of Irawati Karve)

:- Yuganta : The End of an Epoch (1969)

The book won the 1967 Sahitya Academy Award for best book in Marathi.

:- Kinship organization in India (1968)

:- Hindu Society: An Interpretation (1960)

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5. Who is the Author of The Informational City : Information Technology, Economic Restructuring, and the Urban Regional Process (1989)?

(A) Edward Said

(B) Pierre Bourdieu

(C) Jurgen Habermas

(D) Manuel Castells

(D) Manuel Castells

Manuel Castells Oliván (born 9 February 1942) is a Spanish sociologist.

6. Which of the following book is co-authored by Anthony Giddens and Philip W. Sutton? निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी पुस्तक एंथनी गिडेंस और फिलिप डब्ल्यू सटन द्वारा सह-लेखक हैं?

(A) Sociology (1986)

(B) Introduction to Sociology (1991)

(C) Modernity and self-identity (1991)

(D) New rules of sociological method (1976)

(A) Sociology (1986)

7. Mark the Incorrect Pair.

Authors & Books

(A) Edward Said :- Orientalism

(B) Pierre Bourdieu :- The Logic of Practice

(C) Michel Foucault :- Discipline and Punish

(D) Jürgen Habermas :- Occidental civilization

(D) Jürgen Habermas :- Occidental civilization

Occidental civilization (1948) :- Govind Sadashiv Ghurye

8. Which of the following book is not associated with Claude Lévi-Strauss? निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी पुस्तक क्लाउड लेवी-स्ट्रॉस से संबंधित नहीं है?

(A) We Are All Cannibals : And Other Essays

(B) The Elementary Structures of Kinship (1955)

(C) The sociology of science (1962)

(D) The Savage Mind (1962)

(C) The sociology of science (1962)

The sociology of science (1962) :- Robert K. Merton

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