Saturday, April 03, 2021

(February Current Affairs 2021) (People/Development & Environment)




1. When was World Wetland Day 2021 observed? विश्व आर्द्रभूमि दिवस 2021 कब मनाया गया?
(A) 02 February
(B) 03 February
(C) 13 February
(D) 15 February

(A) 02 February || This day is organized to raise global awareness about the important role of wetlands for our planet. World Wetland Day was celebrated for the first time on February 02, 1997, on the completion of 26 years of the Ramsar Convention. There are four main kinds of wetlands – marsh, swamp, bog and fen.

Wetlands :- Wetlands occur where water meets land. Wetlands are areas where water covers the soil. (in geography) an area of land that is always wet (दलदल). 

Q. Why are wetlands important?
Wetlands provide habitat for thousands of species of aquatic and terrestrial (स्थलीय) plants and animals. Wetlands are valuable for flood protection and climate change mitigation.

Q. What are the negative effects of wetlands?
Loss of vegetation (वनस्पति की हानि), salinization (लवणता), water pollution etc. 

Ramsar Convention :- International treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands. आर्द्रभूमि के संरक्षण और स्थायी उपयोग के लिए अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संधि। It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the Convention was signed in 1971. The 2nd of February each year is World Wetlands Day, marking the date of the adoption of the Convention on Wetlands on 2 February 1971.

Q. Which is the recently announced Wetland in India?
Tso Kar  Ladakh, Leh district (17 November 2020) 

Q. How many recognized Ramsar sites in India till December 2020? दिसंबर 2020 तक भारत में कितने मान्यता प्राप्त रामसर स्थल हैं?
As of December 2020 there are 42 recognized Ramsar sites in India. There are 42 Ramsar sites in India. 

2. India has set up its first centre for wetland conservation in which city? भारत ने किस शहर में आर्द्रभूमि संरक्षण के लिए अपना पहला केंद्र स्थापित किया है?
(A) Uttar Pradesh
(B) Madhya Pradesh
(C) Rajasthan
(D) Chennai

(D) Chennai || India established its first centre for wetland conservation in Chennai on the occasion of World Wetlands Day on February 2, 2021. The wetlands occupy around 4.6 percent of the country’s landmass.

3. Which nation has agreed to forge deeper engagement with India in the field of renewable energy? किस राष्ट्र ने अक्षय ऊर्जा के क्षेत्र में भारत के साथ गहरा जुड़ाव बनाने पर सहमति व्यक्त की है?
(A) Germany
(B) Russia
(C) USA
(D) Bahrain

(D) Bahrain || India and Bahrain have agreed to forge deeper engagement in the field of renewable energy. This was decided during the 1st India-Bahrain Joint Working Group meeting in the field of Renewable Energy, which was held virtually on February 4, 2021.

Renewable energy is useful energy that is collected from renewable resources, like sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat. 

4. India's first geothermal power project will be set up in which union territory? भारत का पहला भूतापीय विद्युत परियोजना किस केंद्र शासित प्रदेश में स्थापित किया जाएगा?
(A) Ladakh
(B) Delhi
(C) Chandigarh
(D) Diu

(A) Ladakh || India's first geothermal power project will be set up at eastern Ladakh's Puga village. The village has been identified as the hotspot of geothermal energy in the country by the scientists. The project, known as Geothermal Field Development Project, is planned to be commissioned by the end of 2022.
Geothermal energy is natural heat within the earth. The word geothermal comes from the Greek words geo (earth) and therme (heat). Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source because heat is continuously produced inside the earth. People use geothermal heat for bathing, to heat buildings, and to generate electricity.
In India, exploration and study of geothermal fields started in 1970. The GSI (Geological Survey of India) has identified 350 geothermal energy locations in the country. The most promising of these is in Puga valley of Ladakh. The estimated potential for geothermal energy in India is about 10000 MW.
There are seven geothermal provinces in India :- the Himalayas, Sohana, West coast, Cambay, Son-Narmada-Tapi (SONATA), Godavari, and Mahanadi.

5. Which country plans to build the world's largest offshore wind farm? दुनिया के सबसे बड़े अपतटीय पवन फार्म के निर्माण की योजना किस देश में है?
(A) Russia
(B) USA
(C) India
(D) South Korea

(D) South Korea || South Korea plans to build an 8.2GW offshore wind farm in Jeonnam province by 2030. This was announced by the Moon Jae-in administration on February 5, 2021 after the signing of a $43 billion deal.
offshore wind farm :- situated at sea some distance from the shore. (समुद्र में तट से दूर) (ख़ुला समुद्र में)




6. Which nation has received USD 200 Million from World Bank for safe water and sanitation services? सुरक्षित जल और स्वच्छता सेवाओं के लिए विश्व बैंक से 200 मिलियन अमरीकी डालर किस राष्ट्र को प्राप्त हुए हैं?
(A) India
(B) Bangladesh
(C) China
(D) Japan

(B) Bangladesh || Bangladesh has received USD 200 Million from World Bank for safe water and sanitation services for rural areas. The agreement was signed between the Bangladesh government and the World Bank on February 9, 2021. The project aims to provide 3.6 million people access to hygienic sanitation facilities and about 6 lakh people access to clean water in rural areas.

7. Who has been elected as the new Director-General of the International Solar Alliance? अंतर्राष्ट्रीय सौर गठबंधन के नए महानिदेशक के रूप में किसे चुना गया है?
(A) Ajay Mathur
(B) Upendra Tripathy
(C) Ravikant Mishra
(D) Kamal Jain

(A) Ajay Mathur || India's Ajay Mathur was elected as the next director general of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) at a special virtual assembly. “Mathur succeeds Upendra Tripathy, who has served as director general since 2017," ISA said. PM Modi first proposed the initiative in a speech in November 2015 in London. The ISA was established in 2015. The ISA framework agreement was opened for signing at the Conference of the Parties (COP-22) at Marrakesh in November 2016. 
ISA :- promote solar energy & reduce the dependence on fossil fuels.

8. Which organization has planned to launch the World Solar Bank (WSB)? किस संगठन ने विश्व सौर बैंक (WSB) शुरू करने की योजना बनाई है?
(A) Solar Energy International
(B) International Solar Alliance
(C) Solar Energy Corporation of India
(D) International Energy Agency

(B) International Solar Alliance || The International Solar Alliance (ISA) to launch the World Solar Bank (WSB). The launch will likely be announced at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow (Scotland) in November 2021. The 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference, also known as COP26, is the 26th United Nations Climate Change conference. It is scheduled to be held in Glasgow, Scotland, from 1 to 12 November 2021 under the presidency of the United Kingdom.
President :- Alok Sharma

9. Which Indian city has been recognized as the 2020 Tree City of the World? किस भारतीय शहर को विश्व के 2020 ट्री सिटी के रूप में मान्यता दी गई है?
(A) Rajasthan
(B) Chandigarh
(C) Hyderabad
(D) Mumbai

(C) Hyderabad || Hyderabad is the only city from India to have been recognized as a 2020 Tree City of the World by the Arbor Day Foundation and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) for its commitment to growing and maintaining urban forests.

10. Union Environment Minister Prakash Javadekar inaugurated Atal Paryavaran Bhavan in which union territory? केंद्रीय पर्यावरण मंत्री प्रकाश जावड़ेकर ने किस केंद्र शासित प्रदेश में अटल पर्यावरण भवन का उद्घाटन किया?
(A) Daman and Diu
(B) Jammu and Kashmir
(C) Ladakh
(D) Lakshadweep

Correct Answer is Option :- (D) Lakshadweep || Union Environment Minister Prakash Javadekar recently inaugurated Lakshadweep Forest Department's headquarters, Atal Paryavaran Bhavan.



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