Sunday, May 21, 2023

UGC NET Paper 1 2023 MCQs | NTA UGC NET Paper 1 Questions & Answers

(PYQs 2022)

Q. Virus responsible for the spread of COVID-19 is _______. COVID-19 के प्रसार के लिए कौन-सा वायरस जिम्मेदार है? (UGC NET 2022)
(A) SARS COV 19
(B) SARS COV II
(C) CORONA 19
(D) SARS COV I

(B) SARS COV II

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). 

Q. The NEP 2020 has explicitly mentioned that the Research and Innovation (R&I) investment of India has only been _______ % percent. NEP 2020 में स्पष्ट रूप से उल्लेख किया गया है कि भारत का अनुसंधान और नवाचार (R&I) निवेश केवल कितना प्रतिशत रहा है?
(A) 2.8%
(B) 1.5%
(C) 0.69%
(D) 2.1%

(C) 0.69% (less than 1 per cent)

The NEP 2020 has explicitly mentioned that the Research and Innovation (R&I) investment of India has only been 0.69% of the GDP (Gross Domestic Product), whereas countries such as United States (2.8%), China (2.1%), Israel (4.3%), and South Korea (4.2%) have invested a considerably larger portion of their GDP. 

By 2047, India should invest 4% of its GDP in research & development.

The National Education Policy 2020 was approved by the Union Cabinet on July 29, 2020.

Establishment of the National Research Foundation (NRF) :- The NRF will provide merit-based peer-reviewed research funding to various academic institutions and research organisations. The main objective of the establishment of such a foundation is to create a culture of research across various educational and research oriented institutes across the country. 

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Q. Who among the following was the Chairperson of the Committee set up by the National Council for Women Education in 1962 to examine the differentiation of curriculum for boys and girls at all stages of education? निम्नलिखित में से किसने राष्ट्रीय महिला शिक्षा परिषद द्वारा 1962 में शिक्षा के सभी स्तरों पर लड़कों और लड़कियों के लिए पाठ्यचर्या के विभेदीकरण की जांच करने के लिए गठित समिति की अध्यक्षा की थीं?
(A) Durgabai Deshmukh
(B) Hansa Mehta
(C) Bhaktavatsalam
(D) Margaret Cousins

(B) Hansa Mehta

Hansa Mehta Committee was appointed by the National Council for Women Education in 1962 under the chairmanship of Smt. Hansa Mehta to examine the differentiation of curriculum for boys and girls at all the stages of education. It made the following recommendation :- 
1. Co-education should be adopted and encouraged at the primary stage.
2. Separate primary school or middle school for girls should be started where there is such demand and where there is adequate enrolment.
3. Separate and co-educational institutions can be started at secondary school and college stage. Parents should send their daughters to the institutions they like.
4. Girls should be encouraged to study Science and Mathematics at the higher secondary stage.
5. Number of women teachers should be increased in primary schools. Women’s teacher should also be appointed in all institution at the secondary and college stages which are meant for boys but where girls are also admitted.
6. Home science is a useful subject for girls at the higher secondary levels.
7. Girls should be provided with necessary facilities such as scholarship, free transport and stipend.
8. There should be a common curriculum for boys and girls at the primary and middle stages. 
9. Women should be given adequate representation in textbook committees.
10. There should be the provision of vocational schools. So that girls are trained for different vocation.

The female literacy rate was 7.3% in 1951.  While in 1971 only 18.7 of Indian women were literate, at the end of 2011 we have achieved 65.46% female literacy. The growth of female literacy rate is 14.87% as compared to 11.72 % of that of male literacy rate.

The census of Indian states 2011 reveals that Kerala is the highest literate state in the country with 93.91% of literacy rate. Bihar is the least literate state with a literacy rate of 63.82%.

National Council for Women Education, 1959 was reconstituted in 1964 to prepare the policies, programs, goals and priorities for the development of women education. 

Durgabai Deshmukh Committee (1959) worked for the girls’ education.

Bhaktavatsalam committee report (1963) was appointed by National Council for Women Education under the chairmanship of Mr. M. Bhaktavatsalam to look into the causes for the lack of public support, particularly in rural areas for girl’s education and to enlist public cooperation (सार्वजनिक सहयोग प्राप्त करने के लिए).

During tenth five year plan (2002-07) Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) was launched with the goal to have atleast five years of school education for every child (below 14 years of age) by 2007. Eleventh five year plan is called as India’s Educational Plan by the Former Prime Minister Dr. ManMohan Singh.






Q. Computers have evolved from the early mainframes to the relatively small smart devices with high computing power used today. Which of the following inventions contributed to reduce the physical size of computers? कंप्यूटर प्रारंभिक मेनफ्रेम से आज उपयोग की जाने वाली उच्च कंप्यूटिंग शक्ति वाले अपेक्षाकृत छोटे स्मार्ट उपकरणों में विकसित हुए हैं। निम्नलिखित में से किस आविष्कार ने कंप्यूटर के भौतिक आकार को कम करने में योगदान दिया?
(A) Vaccum tube
(B) Integrated circuits
(C) Registers
(D) Solid State Memory

(B) Integrated circuits

An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material, usually silicon.

(Generation of Computers)

The first generation of computers (1940–1956) used vacuum tubes.

Second generation computers (1956-1963) used transistors, and were much smaller. The CPUs of second generation computers were the size of today’s large refrigerators.

Integrated Circuit was introduced with the Third Generation of computers.

Fourth generation computers (1971-present) used (and still use) microprocessors.




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Tuesday, May 16, 2023

PSYCHOLOGY UGC NET Syllabus Code No. :- 04

PSYCHOLOGY UGC NET Syllabus Code No. :- 04










1. Emergence of Psychology
Psychological thought in some major Eastern Systems: Bhagavad Gita, Buddhism, Sufism and Integral Yoga. Academic psychology in India: Preindependence era; post-independence era; 1970s: The move to addressing social issues; 1980s: Indigenization; 1990s: Paradigmatic concerns, disciplinary identity crisis; 2000s: Emergence of Indian psychology in academia. Issues: The colonial encounter; Post colonialism and psychology; Lack of distinct disciplinary identity

Western: Greek heritage, medieval period and modern period. Structuralism, Functionalism, Psychoanalytical, Gestalt, Behaviorism, HumanisticExistential, Transpersonal, Cognitive revolution, Multiculturalism. Four founding paths of academic psychology - Wundt, Freud, James, Dilthey. Issues: Crisis in psychology due to strict adherence to experimentalanalytical paradigm (logical empiricism). Indic influences on modern psychology.

Essential aspects of knowledge paradigms: Ontology, epistemology, and methodology. Paradigms of Western Psychology: Positivism, Post-Positivism, Critical perspective, Social Constructionism, Existential Phenomenology, and Co-operative Enquiry. Paradigmatic Controversies. Significant Indian paradigms on psychological knowledge: Yoga, Bhagavad Gita, Buddhism, Sufism, and Integral Yoga. Science and spirituality (avidya and vidya). The primacy of self knowledge in Indian psychology.

2. Research Methodology and Statistics
Research: Meaning, Purpose, and Dimensions. Research problems, Variables and Operational Definitions, Hypothesis, Sampling.

Ethics in conducting and reporting research

Paradigms of research: Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed methods approach Methods of research: Observation, Survey [Interview, Questionnaires], Experimental, Quasi-experimental, Field studies, Cross-Cultural Studies, Phenomenology, Grounded theory, Focus groups, Narratives, Case studies, Ethnography

Statistics in Psychology: Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion. Normal Probability Curve. Parametric [t-test] and Non-parametric tests [Sign Test, Wilcoxon Signed rank test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman]. Power analysis. Effect size.

Correlational Analysis: Correlation [Product Moment, Rank Order], Partial correlation, multiple correlation.
Special Correlation Methods: Biserial, Point biserial, tetrachoric, phi coefficient.
Regression: Simple linear regression, Multiple regression.
Factor analysis: Assumptions, Methods, Rotation and Interpretation

Experimental Designs: ANOVA [One-way, Factorial], Randomized Block Designs, Repeated Measures Design, Latin Square, Cohort studies, Time series, MANOVA, ANCOVA. Single-subject designs.

3. Psychological testing
Types of tests
Test construction: Item writing, item analysis
Test standardization: Reliability, validity and Norms

Areas of testing: Intelligence, creativity, neuropsychological tests, aptitude, Personality assessment, interest inventories

Attitude scales – Semantic differential, Staples, Likert scale.
Computer-based psychological testing

Applications of psychological testing in various settings: Clinical, Organizational and business, Education, Counseling, Military. Career guidance.




4. Biological basis of behavior
Sensory systems: General and specific sensations, receptors and processes

Neurons: Structure, functions, types, neural impulse, synaptic transmission. Neurotransmitters.

The Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems – Structure and functions. Neuroplasticity.

Methods of Physiological Psychology: Invasive methods – Anatomical methods, degeneration techniques, lesion techniques, chemical methods, microelectrode studies. Non invasive methods – EEG, Scanning methods.

Muscular and Glandular system: Types and functions

Biological basis of Motivation: Hunger, Thirst, Sleep and Sex.

Biological basis of emotion: The Limbic system, Hormonal regulation of behavior.

Genetics and behavior: Chromosomal anomalies; Nature Nurture controversy [Twin studies and adoption studies]

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5. Attention, Perception, Learning, Memory and Forgetting
Attention: Forms of attention, Models of attention
Perception:
Approaches to the Study of Perception: Gestalt and physiological approaches
Perceptual Organization: Gestalt, Figure and Ground, Law of Organization
Perceptual Constancy: Size, Shape, and Color; Illusions
Perception of Form, Depth and Movement
Role of motivation and learning in perception

Signal detection theory: Assumptions and applications
Subliminal perception and related factors, information processing approach
to perception, culture and perception, perceptual styles, Pattern recognition,
Ecological perspective on perception.

Learning Process:
Fundamental theories: Thorndike, Guthrie, Hull
Classical Conditioning: Procedure, phenomena and related issues
Instrumental learning: Phenomena, Paradigms and theoretical issues;
Reinforcement: Basic variables and schedules; Behaviour modification and
its applications
Cognitive approaches in learning: Latent learning, observational learning.
Verbal learning and Discrimination learning
Recent trends in learning: Neurophysiology of learning

Memory and Forgetting
Memory processes: Encoding, Storage, Retrieval
Stages of memory: Sensory memory, Short-term memory (Working
memory), Long-term Memory (Declarative – Episodic and Semantic;
Procedural)
Theories of Forgetting: Interference, Retrieval Failure, Decay, Motivated forgetting

6. Thinking, Intelligence and Creativity
Theoretical perspectives on thought processes: Associationism, Gestalt,
Information processing, Feature integration model
Concept formation: Rules, Types, and Strategies; Role of concepts in thinking
Types of Reasoning
Language and thought
Problem solving: Type, Strategies, and Obstacles
Decision-making: Types and models
Metacognition: Metacognitive knowledge and Metacognitive regulation
Intelligence: Spearman; Thurstone; Jensen; Cattell; Gardner; Stenberg;
Goleman; Das, Kar & Parrila
Creativity: Torrance, Getzels & Jackson, Guilford, Wallach & Kogan
Relationship between Intelligence and Creativity




7. Personality, Motivation, emotion, stress and coping
Determinants of personality: Biological and socio-cultural
Approaches to the study of personality: Psychoanalytical, Neo-Freudian,
Social learning, Trait and Type, Cognitive, Humanistic, Existential,
Transpersonal psychology.
Other theories: Rotter's Locus of Control, Seligman's Explanatory styles,
Kohlberg’s theory of Moral development.
Basic motivational concepts: Instincts, Needs, Drives, Arousal, Incentives,
Motivational Cycle.
Approaches to the study of motivation: Psychoanalytical, Ethological, S-R
Cognitive, Humanistic

Exploratory behavior and curiosity
Zuckerman's Sensation seeking
Achievement, Affiliation and Power
Motivational Competence
Self-regulation
Flow
Emotions: Physiological correlates
Theories of emotions: James-Lange, Canon-Bard, Schachter and Singer,
Lazarus, Lindsley.

Emotion regulation
Conflicts: Sources and types
Stress and Coping: Concept, Models, Type A, B, C, D behaviors, Stress
management strategies [Biofeedback, Music therapy, Breathing exercises,
Progressive Muscular Relaxation, Guided Imagery, Mindfulness, Meditation,
Yogasana, Stress Inoculation Training]. 

8. Social Psychology
Nature, scope and history of social psychology
Traditional theoretical perspectives: Field theory, Cognitive Dissonance,
Sociobiology, Psychodynamic Approaches, Social Cognition.
Social perception [Communication, Attributions]; attitude and its change
within cultural context; prosocial behavior
Group and Social influence [Social Facilitation; Social loafing]; Social
influence [Conformity, Peer Pressure, Persuasion, Compliance, Obedience,
Social Power, Reactance]. Aggression. Group dynamics, leadership style and
effectiveness. Theories of intergroup relations [Minimal Group Experiment
and Social Identity Theory, Relative Deprivation Theory, Realistic Conflict
Theory, Balance Theories, Equity Theory, Social Exchange Theory]
Applied social psychology: Health, Environment and Law; Personal space,
crowding, and territoriality.

9. Human Development and Interventions
Developmental processes: Nature, Principles, Factors in development, Stages
of Development. Successful aging.
Theories of development: Psychoanalytical, Behavioristic, and Cognitive
Various aspects of development: Sensory-motor, cognitive, language,
emotional, social and moral.
Psychopathology: Concept, Mental Status Examination, Classification, Causes
Psychotherapies: Psychoanalysis, Person-centered, Gestalt, Existential,
Acceptance Commitment Therapy, Behavior therapy, REBT, CBT, MBCT, Play
therapy, Positive psychotherapy, Transactional Analysis, Dialectic behavior
therapy, Art therapy, Performing Art Therapy, Family therapy.

Applications of theories of motivation and learning in School
Factors in educational achievement
Teacher effectiveness
Guidance in schools: Needs, organizational set up and techniques
Counselling: Process, skills, and techniques



10. Emerging Areas
Issues of Gender, Poverty, Disability, and Migration: Cultural bias and
discrimination. Stigma, Marginalization, and Social Suffering; Child Abuse
and Domestic violence.
Peace psychology: Violence, non-violence, conflict resolution at macro level,
role of media in conflict resolution.
Wellbeing and self-growth: Types of wellbeing [Hedonic and Eudemonic],
Character strengths, Resilience and Post-Traumatic Growth.
Health: Health promoting and health compromising behaviors, Life style and
Chronic diseases [Diabetes, Hypertension, Coronary Heart Disease],
Psychoneuroimmunology [Cancer, HIV/AIDS]
Psychology and technology interface: Digital learning; Digital etiquette:
Cyber bullying; Cyber pornography: Consumption, implications; Parental
mediation of Digital Usage.


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Monday, May 15, 2023

UGC NET Paper 1 2023 MCQs | NTA UGC NET Paper 1 Questions & Answers








(MCQs)

Q. According to THE CENTRAL UNIVERSITIES ACT, 2009, Which of the following will be the visitor of the university? केन्द्रीय विश्वविद्यालय अधिनियम, 2009, इनमें से कौन-सा विश्वविद्यालय का परिदर्शक होगा?
(A) President of India
(B) Vice-President of India
(C) Chief Justice of India
(D) Prime Minister of India

(A) President of India

The Visitor may, from time to time, appoint one or more persons to review the work and progress of the University.

Example of Delhi University :- The President of India is the Visitor, the Vice-President of India is the Chancellor and the Chief Justice of India is the Pro-Chancellor of the University. 

The Court, the Executive Council, the Academic Council and the Finance Committee are the administrative authorities of the University. 

The University Court is the supreme authority of the University and has the power to review the acts of the Executive Council and the Academic Council. 

The Executive Council is the highest executive body of the University. The Academic Council is the highest academic body of the University and is responsible for the maintenance of education and examination within the university. It has the right to advise the Executive Council on all academic matters. 

The Finance Committee is responsible for recommending financial policies, goals, and budgets.

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Q. Which of these Convention is associated with hazardous waste? इनमें से कौन-सा सम्मेलन खतरनाक अपशिष्ट से जुड़ा है?
(A) Stockholm Convention
(B) Bonn Convention
(C) Basel Convention
(D) COP24

(C) Basel Convention

Basel Convention, is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous waste between nations. The convention was opened for signature on 21 March 1989, and entered into force on 5 May 1992. 

The Basel Convention aims to protect the environment by bringing measures to control hazardous and other waste disposals.

Basel Convention (Wastes)/Examples of Hazardous Waste :- Pesticides and other garden chemicals, paint thinners, batteries, cleaners, Biomedical (organs and body parts, needles, syringes, broken glass) and healthcare wastes etc. 

Q. Is India member of Basel Convention?
Yes, India is a member of the Basel Convention. It ratified the convention in June 1992 and brought it into force on 22nd September 1992.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MOEF&CC) introduced Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules of 2016.




Q. What is Kigali Amendment?
(A) Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol
(B) Amendment to the Paris Agreement
(C) Amendment to the Rio Summit
(D) Amendment to the Montreal Protocol

(D) It is an amendment to the Montreal Protocol. (यह मॉन्ट्रियल प्रोटोकॉल में संशोधन है।)

Q. Mark the correct statement/s.
(1) Raymond Samuel Tomlinson is the father of email.
(2) Paul Buchheit created Gmail.

Code :-
(A) Only 2
(B) Only 1
(C) Both
(D) None

(C) Both

Gmail is a free email service provided by Google.

Q. Paris Agreement is the successor of _______. 
(A) Stockholm Convention
(B) Vienna Convention
(C) Montreal Protocol
(D) Kyoto Protocol

(D) Kyoto Protocol

Q. DKIM is used for authentication in _______. DKIM का उपयोग _______ में प्रमाणीकरण के लिए किया जाता है।
(A) social networking sites
(B) e-mails
(C) blogs
(D) payments systems

(B) e-mails

DomainKeys Identified Mail, or DKIM, is a technical standard that helps protect email senders and recipients from spam, spoofing, and phishing.

Q. What is the name of the highest body in India that advises the Central and State Governments in the field of education? भारत में सर्वोच्च निकाय का क्या नाम है जो शिक्षा के क्षेत्र में केंद्र और राज्य सरकारों को सलाह देता है?
(A) National Knowledge Commission
(B) National Commission for Higher Education and Research
(C) Central Advisory Board of Education
 (D) Both (A) and (B)

(C) Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE)

The Central Advisory Board of Education, the oldest and the most important advisory body of the Government of India in education was first established in 1920 and dissolved in 1923. It was revived in 1935 and has been in existence ever since.

:- Its main function is to advise Central and State Govt. in the field of education.






Q. Which Indian state planted 6 crores saplings in 12 hours in July, 2017 in an attempt to full fill Paris agreement promise? पेरिस समझौते के वादे को पूरा करने के प्रयास में किस भारतीय राज्य ने जुलाई, 2017 में 12 घंटे में 6 करोड़ पौधे लगाए?
(A) Kerala
(B) Madhya Pradesh
(C) West Bengal
(D) Jharkhand

(B) Madhya Pradesh

Paris Agreement :- Paris Agreement is an international treaty on climate change, adopted in 2015. The Paris Agreement was opened for signature on 22 April 2016 (Earth Day) at a ceremony in New York. As of September 2022, 194 members of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) are parties to the agreement.

Q. The following list indicates different types of computer networks. Arrange them in an ascending order on the basis of geographical space implied.
(A) WAN < MAN < LAN
(B) WAN < LAN < MAN
(C) LAN < WAN < MAN
(D) LAN < MAN < WAN

(D) LAN < MAN < WAN

Local Area Network (LAN) :- A local area network connects computers that are in the same building.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) :- a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is basically a bigger version of LAN and normally uses similar technology. It can be a private or public network. It might cover a group of nearby corporate offices or it can be in a city.

Wide Area Network (WAN) :- A wide area network connects computers in different cities or countries.

WAN covers the largest area and LAN covers the smallest area.

Q. Who is attributed to the the founder of modern educational psychology? आधुनिक शिक्षा मनोविज्ञान के जनक का श्रेय किसे जाता है?
(A) John Dewy
(B) Edward Thorndike
(C) Jean Piaget
(D) Lawrence Kohlberg

(B) Edward Thorndike

Q. Which committee/commission recommended the choice-based credit system in higher education? किस समिति/आयोग ने उच्च शिक्षा में च्वाइस बेस्ड क्रेडिट सिस्टम की सिफारिश की?
(A) Administrative and Academic Reform Committee of the UGC
(B) Justice Verma Commission on Teacher Education 
(C) Ramamurti Committee on Higher Education
(D) Chattopadhyay Committee on Teacher Education

(A) Administrative and Academic Reform Committee of the UGC

:- The administrative and Academic Reform Committee of the UGC recommended the choice-based credit system in higher education.




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Tuesday, May 09, 2023

UGC NET Paper 1 2023 MCQs | NTA UGC NET Paper 1 Questions & Answers










(10+ MCQs)

1. Which one of the following groups contains graphical file extensions?
(A) PNG, Raw, Xls, INI file
(B) PNG, Raw, PDF, Binary file
(C) BMP, GIF, ADX, WAV
(D) BMP, GIF, PNG, Raw

(D) BMP, GIF, PNG, Raw

BMP :- bitmap image file
GIF file :- Graphical Interchange Format
PNG :- Portable Network Graphics
:- raw image format

2. At what frequency does Bluetooth operates? ब्लूटूथ किस आवृत्ति पर काम करता है?
(A) 2.402 GHz to 2.98 GHz 
(B) 2.402 GHz to 3.48 GHz 
(C) 2.202 GHz to 2.48 GHz 
(D) 2.402 GHz to 2.48 GHz 

(D) 2.402 GHz to 2.48 GHz

Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology standard used for exchanging data between mobile devices over short distances using Ultra high frequency (UHF) radio waves from 2.402 GHz to 2.48 GHz. 

WiFI networks :- 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequencies.

3. _______ is the premier database of profiles of scientists / researchers and other faculty members working at leading academic institutions and other R&D organization involved in teaching and research in India. _______ भारत में शिक्षण और अनुसंधान में शामिल प्रमुख शैक्षणिक संस्थानों और अन्य अनुसंधान एवं विकास संगठनों में कार्यरत वैज्ञानिकों / शोधकर्ताओं और अन्य संकाय सदस्यों के प्रोफाइल का प्रमुख डेटाबेस है।
(A) VIDWAN
(B) e-ShodhSindhu
(C) e-Yantra
(D) FOSSEE

(A) VIDWAN

Expert Database & National Researcher's Network. (विशेषज्ञ डेटाबेस और राष्ट्रीय शोधकर्ता नेटवर्क)

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4. Which of the following is not associated with Taxila? इनमें से कौन तक्षशिला से नहीं जुड़े है?
(1) Charaka
(2) Kautilya
(3) Shilabhadra
(4) Chandragupta Maurya
(5) Xuan Zang
(6) Kumārabhṛta

Code :-
(A) Only 5
(B) Only (3) & (5)
(C) Only (5) & (6)
(D) (1) & (2)

(B) Only (3) Shilabhadra & (5) Xuan Zang






5. Which bodies will be merged to form the Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) as per National Education Policy 2020? राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति 2020 के अनुसार भारतीय उच्च शिक्षा आयोग (HECI) बनाने के लिए किन निकायों का विलय किया जाएगा?
(1) UGC
(2) AICTE
(3) NCTE
(4) MCI
(5) NHRC

Code :-
(A) 2-3-5
(B) 1-2-5
(C) 1-2-5
(D) 1-2-3

(D) 1-2-3

The University Grants Commission (UGC), All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), and the National Council for Teachers Education (NCTE) will be merged to form the Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) under new NEP 2020. All forms of education apart from legal and medical education will be under the HECI. Presently, there are three regulatory bodies that manage the functioning of various higher educational institutes. The UGC is responsible for the functioning of the universities while AICTE approval is mandatory for technical institutions and NCTE is responsible for all teaching courses and curriculum in the country. 

UGC :- UGC provides recognition to universities in India, and disbursement (the payment of money from a fund) of funds to such recognized universities and colleges. यूजीसी भारत में विश्वविद्यालयों को मान्यता प्रदान करता है, और ऐसे मान्यता प्राप्त विश्वविद्यालयों और कॉलेजों को धन का वितरण करता है। The headquarters are in New Delhi, and it has six regional centres in Pune, Bhopal, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Guwahati and Bangalore. 
As of 23/1/2023, Current Chairman :- Prof. Mamidala Jagadesh Kumar

AICTE :- All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) is for technical education and management education system in India, under the Department of Higher Education.
Formation :- November 1945
Headquarters :- New Delhi
As of 23/1/2023, Current Chairman :- TG Sitharam

National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) :- To regulate and properly maintain the Norms and Standards in the teacher education system.
Formation :- 1995
Headquarters :- New Delhi

6. Who established Sanskrit College at Banaras? बनारस में संस्कृत महाविद्यालय की स्थापना किसने की?
(A) Warren Hastings
(B) Thomas Babington Macaulay
(C) Lord William Bentinck
(D) Jonathan Duncan

(D) Jonathan Duncan

In 1791, a Sanskrit College was started in Varanasi by Jonathan Duncan for the study of Hindu philosophy and laws.

7. _______ established the Calcutta Madrassa in 1781 for the teaching of Muslim law. किसने मुस्लिम कानून की शिक्षा के लिए 1781 में कलकत्ता मदरसा की स्थापना की?
(A) Warren Hastings
(B) Thomas Babington Macaulay
(C) Lord William Bentinck
(D) Jonathan Duncan

(A) Warren Hastings

8. Which of the college in India was set up by Lord Wellesley for the training of the civil servants of the company in vernacular languages? भारत के किस कॉलेज की स्थापना लॉर्ड वेलेजली ने कंपनी के सिविल सेवकों को स्थानीय भाषाओं में प्रशिक्षण के लिए की थी?
(A) East Indian College
(B) Punjab National College
(C) Fort William College
(D) Sanskrit College

(C) Fort William College

9. Which was the world’s first university to have residential quarters for both students and teachers? छात्रों और शिक्षकों दोनों के लिए आवासीय निवास रखने वाला विश्व का पहला विश्वविद्यालय कौन-सा था?
(A) Valabhi
(B) Vikramshila
(C) Taxila
(D) Nalanda

(D) Nalanda

10. Who is the Chancellor of the Universities of a State or a Union Territory in India? भारत में किसी राज्य या केंद्र शासित प्रदेश के विश्वविद्यालयों के कुलाधिपति कौन हैं?
(A) Chief Minister
(B) Governor
(C) Chief Justice of India
(D) President

(B) Governor 

The Governor appoints the Vice Chancellor on the advice/ in consultation with the State Government. Chancellor also appoints his/her nominees on various bodies like Senate, Syndicate, Board of Management, Selection Committee and Academic Council of the State Universities.

11. When & where was the first UNFCCC Conference of Parties (COP) took place?
(A) 1996 in Marrakech, Morocco
(B) 1995 in Kyoto, Japan
(C) 1996 in Geneva, Switzerland
(D) 1995 in Berlin, Germany

(D) 1995 in Berlin, Germany

The first UNFCCC Conference of the Parties took place from 28 March to 7 April 1995 in Berlin, Germany.





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Monday, May 01, 2023

UGC NET Paper 1 2023 MCQs | NTA UGC NET Paper 1 Questions & Answers

 









MCQs

Q. By whom is the Sustainable Development Goals (सतत विकास लक्ष्य) (SDGs) India Index released?
(A) Central Government (केंद्र सरकार)
(B) Union Government (संघ सरकार)
(C) NITI Aayog (नीति आयोग)
(D) World Bank (विश्व बैंक)
(E) World Economic Forum (विश्व आर्थिक मंच)

(C) NITI Aayog (नीति आयोग)

Q. What are the Sustainable Development Goals? सतत विकास लक्ष्य क्या हैं?
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as the Global Goals, were adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity (शांति और समृद्धि) by 2030.

The SDGs were developed to succeed the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which ended in 2015. सहस्राब्दी विकास लक्ष्यों (MDGs) को सफल करने के लिए सतत विकास लक्ष्य (SDGs) विकसित किए गए थे जो 2015 में समाप्त हो गए।

17 Sustainable Development Goals are :- 17 सतत विकास लक्ष्य हैं: -
(1) No Poverty गरीबी नहीं
(2) Zero Hunger शून्य भूख
(3) Good Health & Well-Being अच्छा स्वास्थ्य और कल्याण
(4) Quality Education गुणवत्तापूर्ण शिक्षा
(5) Gender Equality लैंगिक समानता
(6) Clean Water & Sanitation स्वच्छ जल और स्वच्छता
(7) Affordable & Clean Energy सस्ती और स्वच्छ ऊर्जा
(8) Decent Work & Economic Growth निर्णय कार्य और आर्थिक विकास
(9) Industry, Innovation & Infrastructure उद्योग, नवाचार और बुनियादी ढांचा
(10) Reduced Inequalities घटती अन्याय
(11) Sustainable Cities & Communities सतत शहर और समुदाय
(12) Responsible Consumption & Production जिम्मेदार उपभोग और उत्पादन
(13) Climate Action जलवायु क्रिया
(14) Life Below Water 
(15) Life On Land जमीन पर जीवन
(16) Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions शांति, न्याय और मजबूत संस्थाएँ
(17) Partnerships For The Goals लक्ष्यों के लिए साझेदारी

Q. Which among the following gas was leaked during the Bhopal gas tragedy in 1984? 1984 में भोपाल गैस त्रासदी के दौरान निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी गैस का रिसाव हुआ था?
(A) Methyl Isocyanide
(B) Methyl Phosgene
(C) Methyl Isocyanate
(D) Methyl Isochloride

(C) Methyl Isocyanate

(Bhopal disaster)

Q. What was the Bhopal disaster?
The Bhopal disaster, also referred to as the Bhopal gas tragedy, was a gas chemical leak incident on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. 

:- At the time, it was called the worst industrial accident in history.

:- Over 500,000 people were exposed to methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas.

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Q. Which toxic gas was leaked in Bhopal gas tragedy? भोपाल गैस त्रासदी में कौन सी जहरीली गैस का रिसाव हुआ था?
Methyl isocyanate (MIC)

:- MIC (Methyl Isocyanate) reacted with water in a tank.

Outcome (परिणाम)

:- Environment Protection Act, 1986 Act of the Parliament of India. In the wake of the Bhopal gas Tragedy or Bhopal Disaster, the (Government of India) enacted the Environment Protection Act of 1986 under Article 253 of the Constitution. Passed in May 1986, it came into force on 19 November 1986. It has 26 sections and 4 chapters. The purpose of the Act is to implement the decisions of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment. They relate to the protection and improvement of the human environment and the prevention of hazards to human beings, other living creatures, plants and property.

:- The Factories Act, 1948, as amended by the Factories Act, 1987.




Q. When you copy music, pictures, and videos from a CD or DVD to your PC, it's called _______. जब आप सीडी या डीवीडी से संगीत, चित्र और वीडियो को अपने पीसी पर कॉपी करते हैं, तो इसे _______ कहा जाता है।
(A) prompting
(B) storing & burning
(C) ripping
(D) accessing
(E) formatting

(C) ripping

When you copy music, pictures, and videos from a CD (compact discs) or DVD (Digital Video Disc or Digital Versatile Disc) to your PC, it's called "ripping."

Q. When you copy music, pictures, and videos from your PC to a blank CD or DVD, it's called ________. जब आप अपने पीसी से संगीत, चित्र और वीडियो को एक खाली सीडी या डीवीडी में कॉपी करते हैं, तो इसे ________ कहा जाता है।
(A) prompting & packing
(B) storing
(C) burning
(D) accessing
(E) formatting

(C) burning

When you copy music, pictures, and videos from your PC to a blank CD or DVD, it's called "burning."

Q. Which of the following is a faster version of conventional Hard Disks? निम्नलिखित में से कौन पारंपरिक हार्ड डिस्क का तेज संस्करण है?
(A) SD Cards
(B) SSD
(C) Dynamic RAM
(D) DDR4 RAM

(B) Solid State Drive (SSD)

Q. Mr. Sharma conducts question-answer session in his class to determine the abilities of students, at the beginning of an academic year. This is termed _______ assessment. श्री शर्मा एक शैक्षणिक वर्ष की शुरुआत में, छात्रों की क्षमताओं का निर्धारण करने के लिए अपनी कक्षा में प्रश्न-उत्तर सत्र आयोजित करते हैं। इसे __________ मूल्यांकन कहा जाता है।
(A) Formative
(B) Summative
(C) Diagnostic
(D) Cumulative

(A) Formative

Q. _______ is a family of computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN). _______ कंप्यूटर नेटवर्किंग प्रौद्योगिकियों का एक परिवार है जो आमतौर पर स्थानीय क्षेत्र नेटवर्क (LAN), महानगरीय क्षेत्र नेटवर्क (MAN) और व्यापक क्षेत्र नेटवर्क (WAN) में उपयोग किया जाता है।
(A) Extranet
(B) ARPANET
(C) File Service Protocol (FSP)
(D) Ethernet

(D) Ethernet






Q. Which of these languages is used for numerical computation and scientific computing? इनमें से कौन सी भाषा का उपयोग संख्यात्मक अभिकलन और वैज्ञानिक कंप्यूटिंग लिए होता है?
(A) HTML
(B) ALGOL
(C) Fortran
(D) COBOL

(C) Fortran (Formula Translation)

Originally developed by IBM (International Business Machines Corporation) in the 1950s for scientific and engineering applications.

Designed by :- John Backus
Developer :- John Backus and IBM

Q. What is the most popular programming language for Android smartphone applications? एंड्रॉइड स्मार्टफोन अनुप्रयोगों के लिए सबसे लोकप्रिय प्रोग्रामिंग भाषा कौन सी है?
(A) Java
(B) SQL Programming language
(C) COBOL
(D) Fortran

(A) Java

Java is a general-purpose programming language. Java was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems.

Q. The UGC-Infonet Digital Library Consortium was formally launched in December 2003 by whom? UGC-Infonet Digital Library Consortium को औपचारिक रूप से दिसंबर, 2003 में किसके द्वारा शुरू किया गया था?
(A) Kailasavadivoo Sivan
(B) Narendra Modi
(C) Manmohan Singh
(D) A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

(D) A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

Q. Under which section of UGC Act, 1956, state private university is included? यूजीसी अधिनियम, 1956 की किस धारा के तहत राज्य निजी विश्वविद्यालय को शामिल किया गया है?
(A) Section 2(F)
(B) Section 14(A)
(C) Section 13(B)
(D) Section 3 (B)

(C) Section 13(B)

Q. Which greenhouse gas is described as the "the leading pollutant" & "the worst climate pollutant"? किस ग्रीनहाउस गैस को "अग्रणी प्रदूषक" और "सबसे खराब जलवायु प्रदूषक" के रूप में वर्णित किया गया है?
(A) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
(B) Sulfur oxides (SOx)
(C) Nitrogen oxides (NOx) 
(D) Carbon monoxide (CO)

(A) Carbon dioxide (CO2) 

CO2 are emitted annually by burning of fossil fuels. Coal, oil, and natural gas are examples of fossil fuels. CO2 जीवाश्म ईंधन के जलने से प्रतिवर्ष उत्सर्जित होती है। कोयला, तेल और प्राकृतिक गैस जीवाश्म ईंधन के उदाहरण हैं।




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